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Report link: https://www.lowyinstitute.org/publications/papua-new-guinea-s-fiscal-decentralisation-way-forward

LLGs were introduced as PNG’s third tier of government in 1995 when the Organic Law on Provincial and Local Level Governments was passed — with provinces being the first tier and districts the second. I think there's a correction to be made here.. National government is a government, with a house of assembly with Provincial government being the second tier.. with the LLGs being the third tier. District was established as an administrative divisions (body) and does not have the powers to pass laws unlike those mentioned above.

Congratulations Kerovin! Persistence and positivity against odds pay well. Live the dream you worked hard for. I am a parent with young children and am blessed by your story. God bless you.

Excellent piece of data and evidence on the disparity across sub-nationaal levels. A rethink of intergovernmental financing is critical. Funding formula needs to be reviewed. Can I get copy of your report?

LLGs are vitally important in the 3 arms of government, hence be considered a priority in financial aspects to keep the database up to date within the government organisations as well as NGOs.

thankyou for such informative note

Great point Jane Mills. It's good to express our view from wealth of our experience. PNG is in a state profiling good and bad, there are numerous issues outline demanded solutions. I strongly believe that, if we are well fed and continue to be over spoon feed by colonizer, we won't have a colourful history. Our upcoming generation will be privilege to profile good and bad, know how to read between line and take this nation forward successfully because we gave them change to learn and create balance from our history moving forward.

Inconsistency in the actual number of LLGs in the country shows lack of prominence given to our third tier system of government in respect to planning. LLGs already lack financial autonomy and this is only an affirmation of the degree of recognition given to the LLG system.

Very informative giving the public a good understanding of Govt's revenue generation avenues. I think it's equally important to hold departmental heads (spenders) accountable. Provinces must be tasked to improve their internal revenue collection. They must create business entities and invest in major projects and business ventures for a good ROI.

I think the underlying problem that's causing all the hiccups when it comes to election, as well as budgeting and planning is the “Outdated Population Census.”

Hii John, thank you so much for reading my blog and giving a positive response as well. It will be a privilege to speak to your students; in one way or other we help each other for a better future to motivate, mentor or learn together.

I have been busy working on internal revenue raising opportunities provided by law for 2 LLGs in Oro Province. It is apparent in my view that manpower capacity shortfalls is a very serious problem with LLGs. This is further compounded by Provincial Governments who themselves fail to understand that they have internal revenue raising powers allowed under the Organic Law on Provincial and LLGs. The Department of Provincial Government Affairs has miserably failed the government in enabling the provinces via the OLLIPAC internal Provisions. But of course internal streams are occurring on provincial merits.