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Although I agree with most of this article, it's not true that "the entire country [is] wracked by race riots". Across the USA, People of Color and their supporters are peacefully protesting against systemic racial discrimination, which has been part of U.S. culture and policy for centuries. Many white people are becoming aware of how much they have benefited from the privileges this system gives us -- and that it's fundamentally wrong and needs to change. The Black Lives Matter movement is rapidly changing the U.S. for the better -- to dismiss it as "race riots" is patronizing at best. Although Trump and his followers have yet to realize that it is immoral to continue to exploit and discriminate against People of Color, more and more U.S. people are rejecting this racist system.

Papua New Guinea Prime Minister Hon. James Marape’s announcement that his government would not renew Barrick Niugini Limited’s (BNL) mining lease at the Porgera gold mine on the 24th of April 2020 was a dream come true for the suffering majority of the Porgera Landowners living within the Special Mining Lease boundaries of the Porgera Gold Mine project. Note that the landowners were living like squatters within the Special Mining Lease boundaries in the past 30 years, while the shareholders of the mine were directly benefiting from the sufferings of the poor landowners. As landowners we do not see Barrick and its partners as so called “Developers”, we view them as criminals in disguise – “Exploiters”. After 30 years of Mining in Porgera, we the landowners have learnt so much about such mining companies (EXPLOITERS) and we know for the fact that taxes, royalties, compensations and contracts are all part of the mines EXPENSES, yet EXPLOITERS like Barrick is saying those are economic benefit to the government and landowners. It would be great if such EXPLOITERS explain to us how much of the 95% of the Profits declared after expenses have been put back into the growth of the nation or the nations economy. It is true that Barrick’s CEO, Mark Bristow, met Marape four times in 2019 to talk about the lease. But the question to JOHN BURTON & GLENN BANKS as the authors of this Blog, What was discussed in the meetings? Despite these meetings why has Marape decided not to renew the SML? Have you twos even considered getting down to the bottom of this? If not then from the landowners’ point of view this article is totally biased and you twos are part of the syndicate who are exploiting this nation of its natural resources. WHAT DO OBSERVERS THINK ABOUT THE NON-RENEWAL? Stating the above it brings us to the question of what do you (JOHN BURTON & GLENN BANKS) think about the Non -Renewal? We make note of this phrase used “At Porgera itself, the decision cuts across many unresolved issues at the mine. Landowner spokesmen have said they recently negotiated an amicable agreement with BNL and claim that the decision by the government is contrary to the views of a majority of clan leaders.” It is very important you take note of this – There are 24 SML landowner spokesmen who are recognised spokesmen, who are known as SML Clan agents. The 24 SML agents were identified in a National Government sanctioned land investigations study. The gist of the study was to identify the true SML landowners prior to the development and operations of the Mine. These 24 agents were the very persons who signed the agreements for the development and the operation of the mine. From what we know and for the record, as the majority landowners (more than 90%) are supporting the call by our Prime Minister Hon. James Marape not to renew the lease. Two months prior to the announcement by the Prime Minister, there was a resolution signed by 21/24 clan agents of the SML resolving NOT TO RENEW THE SML APPLICATION FILED BY BARRICK. We know that the landowners' spokesman you are referring to are paid employees and contractors of Barrick, whose interests are conflicted and corrupted by Barrick. We the genuine landowners DO NOT WANT BARRICK! JOHN BURTON & GLENN BANKS should further state in your article where in the PNG constitution and or in the agreements leading up to the development and operations of the mine that gives the right to Barrick to have its lease renewed automatically and more importantly where does it state that the government should give notice beforehand for any announcement of the decision of the lease application? We don’t see investors as developers, but Criminals and Exploiters

Dear Dr. Hetzel, As the Secretary for the National Department of Health of Papua New Guinea, I wish to respond to the two opinion pieces published by Dr Manuel Hetzel of the Institute of Medical Research in the Devpolicy Blog. The criticisms of the National Department of Health’s (NDoH) National Health Information System are factually incorrect, and are not supportive of our progress with health system transformation through improved performance monitoring. Such criticisms and lack of meaningful engagement erode the strides we are making in improving the timeliness, accuracy, usefulness and impact of the nation’s health data systems. We share an expectation that foreign consultants do not undermine our national efforts to develop and build world-class data systems. Dr Hetzel states that “most importantly, a health information system must be owned locally and designed in a way that is consistent with the country's capacity to operate it and utilise the data for improved programmatic decision-making.” The electronic National Health Information System (eNHIS) is nationally owned by the NDoH and replaces a moribund system running on non-supported software that we have had in the country for decades. Given Dr Hetzel and colleagues at the Institute of Medical Research have access to the NDoH’s more than 1 million suspected malaria patient testing records, geo-located to one of more than 20,000 villages and urban settlements, I would encourage Dr Hetzel and colleagues to reflect on their role as malaria researchers and to use these data to better support the country with more meaningful contributions. Dr Hetzel’s statement that health workers need to collate “an increasing amount of data at the end of each month from tally sheets and the recently introduced ‘Malaria Register’” is factually incorrect, entirely misses the point of our data transformation over the past 5 years and highlights his lack of understanding of and engagement with our national health data systems. To be very clear, the NDoH’s eNHIS malaria testing register contains 13 clinical and demographic fields that are then used to automatically generate the indicators required to monitor malaria and manage the program – collation does not fall on the health worker and they are certainly not required to complete both. Innumerable malaria indicators can be automatically generated from the existing data capture, so the commentary around WHO and Global Fund requirements for malaria indicators creating a burden is simply not true. Fortunately, we have overcome the previous challenge of ensuring that Global Fund supported malaria partners cease to send our national malaria data offshore for entry into systems outside our national health information system, which effectively paralysed the capacity for national malaria monitoring. Dr Hetzel claims, “ls all this additional information needed, and is it used? The short answer to both questions is no.” The department does not subscribe to Dr Hetzel’s logic that if programs are weak, what is the use of data? “...[D]espite half a page of the ‘Monthly Report’ being dedicated to medicine shortages, the collection of the data did not prevent (or lead to rapid mitigation of) large-scale antimalarial drug stock-outs observed in previous years.” I believe that any weaknesses in medical supplies systems does not mean that medical supplies data are not important – to the contrary, it is with better data that well managed programs can make greater impact. The important steps taken by the proactive use of technology to enable the government to make data-evidenced solutions is our national objective. A recent National Malaria Program Review for the development of the new National Malaria Strategic Plan, concluded that eNHIS contains all the information a province or district needs to run a successful malaria program. Dr Hetzel was part of this team. While we acknowledge the system is not being used to its potential, we are actively engaging with the provinces to make better use of their data for monitoring, evaluations, and reactive planning. The innovative approach of mobile tablet data entry we are implementing enables automated feedback on performance for all reporting health facilities every single month – never previously achieved and not achievable in the Papua New Guinea context without electronic data systems at facility level. Further, the eNHIS has been enabling data quality checks upon data entry to improve data quality at the periphery. As part of the nation-wide rollout, the tablets have been deployed to 1/3 of health facilities in the country. Unfortunately, COVID-19 has disrupted the expansion which will continue in the near future to the remainder of the provinces to be completed in 2021. We expect the modernised NHIS to use the existing geo-coded national household and village datasets to better utilise the NDoH’s capacity for planning, monitoring and evaluating bed net distribution campaigns, monitor spray programs, and track individual case follow ups. I would encourage Dr Hetzel and colleagues to have greater engagement with the health data landscape in Papua New Guinea and all of its stakeholders and to identify how a greater contribution can be made than undue critiques that do not portray the efforts made by the NDoH in the last 5 years to modernise the NHIS. As a nation, we require credible agencies to assist us with using our NHIS to tell us, for example: * How can data on treatment administered be used to monitor and enable the most rational use of anti-malarial drugs? * How can data on malaria-negative patients from the malaria testing register be optimised for detection of outbreaks of (non-malaria) febrile illness and actually be monitored by local authorities? There are many more public health issues we can solve with data. With health data systems that can now tell us what facilities are open, about the nature of their service delivery and who from public health programs is logging in and using the data (including your malaria program counterparts), we have the nationally owned tools that we as the national health authority consider appropriate for our context. This is further evidenced by the assistance of both Australia’s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and the Asian Development Bank that have been supportive of our efforts over many years. We look forward to a more meaningful dialogue going forward. Yours Sincerely, DR. PAISON DAKULALA Acting Secretary

Great article giving a clear outline of some key points for disability inclusion - but also very translatable for any minority/marginalised groups. The graphics are particularly useful - love the 'Consent Continuum'!

Hi, we are Fight COVID Taiwan and we built a website documenting English version of Taiwan's CDC guideline and some experiences. Hope it would be helpful! https://fightcovid.edu.tw/

Very concise feature on the natural need to trade when cash dries up. It will be interesting to see if the connections and trust made between businesses continues if, and when, things get back to normal

To support Sarah Garap in relation to native NGOs lack support is true. In fact registered an NGO and was trained by NCD Police Command, and other International NGO, to mitigate Domestic Violence. We have been very successful, effective in apprehending the perpetrators and detained them at nearest police station, Waigani. As a result many of the men folks have changed since our inception. As to no support, we have reduced our operations. DAFT should verify and assist genuine native NGOs.

Thanks brother. A great read, well planned and informatively executed. In a culture and system where payback killing and revenge and wantok system deeply rooted can certainly not withstand the death penalty policy. If executed would be a clear sign of civil war erupting almost everyday everywhere.

That's a very powerful piece of work written by Michael, thanks. I as a student I can now know and differentiate the alternatives over the political stability and instability for the past years gone.

Great! Congratulatuons to team.

Great Job!

Hi Paul, As I've noted a ‘boom’ is not just a product of the percentage of the spending allocated to all anticorruption organisations. We do not narrowly define it as such, as I've mentioned. Apologies if this is how it comes across in the blog. The boom includes setting up of taskforce, allocations, funding to key anticorruption organisations. etc. The graph above is only a part of the story - which shows the significant rise of allocations. A key question about capacity is whether the O'Neill government inherited a set of organisations with the capacity to spend their allocations. This is an open question, which the O’Neill government would probably say no, while others will disagree. Arguably, any government has a better chance of shaping that capacity and the ability to absorb funding allocations over time. Still, this is an interesting line of enquiry that deserves more research. In our paper we give the O’Neill government (as we would the Marape government) the benefit of the doubt while noting the problems associated with underspending. I suggest you read the full paper. Best, Grant