Comments

Thank you, Karen!

Hi Yauka, Thank you for your thoughtful and insightful comments. Your suggestions for change are also very interesting. Terence

Stephen, I agree fully with your views, almost 'spot on' as that's what I have come to perceive as well. The traditional forces in PNG are now "resurfacing in the modern polity" not to anchor development and good governance but for the original longstanding traditional value/position: what one can get for themselves and/or for the clan...Readers may wish to read one of Dr Sinclair Dinnen's books to get an insight into traditional forces at work in an emerging modern PNG polity ("Law and Order in a Weak State: Crime and Politics in Papua New Guinea (Pacific Islands Monograph Series" by Dr Sinclair Dinnen). As the challenges in PNG are emerging from many fronts, we can get overwhelmed on where to respond or how to respond with our efforts in trying to get the nation back on track. One start point has to be the "national leadership": they have to walk the talk. The nation watches its leaders and get strongly influenced by what they do and what they don't do so I would really like to see more courage and honesty demonstrated from the top (by 'courage' I mean the courage to do what is right, even if it doesn't appear to be politically sound in the first place...). Also, exploring ways to capture those inherent traditional forces in the clans/villages and rerouting them through various creative development mechanisms and pathways may be another area to explore going forward. As an example, let's say clans in a district (an open electorate) may be co-opted and organized so they discuss cooperation during elections and form a "tribal council" which may oversight clan members’ behaviour and adherence or non-adherence to the agreed rules during the elections. This mechanism--a tribal council--may help mitigate violence during elections which has ramifications in everything a successful candidate (who become an MP) thinks and does, which in turn influences the district/electorate and the wider society as well as governance generally. The anti-developmental and regressive cycle has to be broken somewhere somehow: that’s where we need to be directing our thoughts to.

Brilliant article Phoebe and Kelly!

There are hundreds of coffee bags wasted due to geographical constraints Lack of transport, we have established a coffee growers association but need assistance from government and other stakeholders to boost our operation. That's the only agricultural commodity that directly sustain the livelihood of my people. We desperately need help.

Could you define the "survivors" category in the graph above? It shows 0% for Timor-Leste, even though the veterans pension scheme represents around 5% of Gov budget, higher than other social benefits combined.

Perhaps the sixth point would be to ensure that the anti-corruption legislation is not used as a political tool to target political opponents. This is the same concern with PNG's ICAC. There's already an expectation that O'Neill will be targeted under ICAC. Remains to be seen whether MPs under Marape with questionable reputation will be subjected to ICAC as well.

Hi Emmanuel, Thank you for your comment and sharing your thoughts, and experiences as a candidate. It's very interesting to hear about the role of the Han Mak, and Haus Sels in the election. To be fair to UN Women, things like voters supporting candidates who provide them with direct material assistance existed in PNG long before any UN training for women candidates. Thank you for sharing your thoughts and experiences. Where did you stand? Terence

Papua New Guineans are no longer moved by thinking and ideology, they are moved by their mouths and bellies. That is my experience during the PNG National Elections in 2022. The thinking that families, clans, tribes, ethnicities and cultures would determine our political outcomes is outdated and disconnected from our realities. Haus Sels? Han Maks? These are the toxins that are destroying our politics, governance and democracy. Sel Haus, Haus Man, Han Maks are strategies advocated by international organisations like UN Women in their various programs to get more women in PNG into parliament, but, we have seen, it had a negative effect on voter behaviour. We need something else to right the path of our politics and democracy. This is beyond education and awareness. Sharing my experiences as a candidate.

Thank you for the comment Stephen. Lots of interesting observations.

“Voters, as May sees it, are typically pragmatists – supporting candidates they think likely to help.” In a country of 850 languages and thousands of clans deeply anchored to “their” land with little expectation of influence beyond clan boundaries, this goes to the heart of the issue. The consideration most likely to exercise the mind of the voter is which candidate, if any, might bring some benefit to me and who do I not vote for to minimise damage to my clan’s interests? The observation that voters tend to see “the state as the source of things,” a theme with traditional significance has been weaponised by the modern generation of politicians to their advantage. This was why Sir Mekere Morauta failed to hold onto power. A technocrat and darling of the World Bank and IMF, not a wheeler and dealer and only someone from Gulf Province to the average punter. Since his defeat what has emerged is a seething cauldron of opportunity for the opportunists and the consummate opportunist who seized power in 2011 has shaped the destiny of PNG ever since. I believe the observation that “perhaps there is a positive pathway forward, involving a burgeoning civil society, and changing political dynamics” is one from which to take heart. Traditionally, power vested within each community or clan group and it still does. Each clan was supremely independent and ostensibly, they still are. If the interests of these units of governance are concentrated around common goals the results can be powerful and encouraging. I take the view that in addition to our focus on the organs of state there should be a major realignment in development assistance in a way that recognises traditional governance and empowers civil society to be a part of the solution to issues they want addressed is a practical way forward.

Certainly, it is rather clear that Australia and other nations totally missed the risk that Micronesia would pull out if their candidate was not successful. I appreciate it when you mentioned that Australia has been trying to fix the role of an honest broker in facilitating a deal.